Adults are incredibly unique in terms of learning, and therefore they require different teaching methods. Adult learning theories are conceptual frameworks that explain how adults learn, the most robust & engaging programs are, arguably, a healthy mixture of all of the below theories.
Andragogy is the most well-known adult learning theory, and it was developed by Malcolm Knowles. According to Knowles, adults are self-directed learners who have a wealth of experience to draw upon. Andragogy promotes the idea of active learning, where learners take responsibility for their own learning process.
https://talentlablive.aflip.in/Andragogy
Experiential learning is based on the idea that adults learn best through experience. This theory was developed by David Kolb, and it proposes that learning occurs through a cycle of concrete experience, reflective observation, abstract conceptualization, and active experimentation. Experiential learning is often used in adult education programs, where learners are encouraged to apply their new knowledge in real-world situations.
Transformative learning is a theory that was developed by Jack Mezirow, and it proposes that adults learn through critical reflection and analysis. This theory is based on the idea that adults can change their beliefs and values through a process of reflection and dialogue. Transformative learning is often used in adult education programs that focus on social justice and personal growth.
Self-directed learning is a theory that proposes that adults are capable of setting their own learning goals and managing their own learning process. This theory is based on the idea that adults are motivated to learn when they can see the relevance of the material to their own lives. Self-directed learning is often used in adult education programs that focus on career development and personal growth.
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Brookfield & Holst (2014) shared that from a critical perspective there are three challenges with individual learning. First, “the self cannot stand outside the social, cultural, & political streams in which it swims.” Second, “self-direction is a form of learning emphasizing separateness leads us to equate it with selfishness.” Third, “a view of learning that regards people as “self-contained, volitional beings scurrying around in individual programs is also one that works against the collective & cooperative impulses.”
We need to be cognizant of these effects and counter them with opportunity to lean-into other’s perspectives, learnings, & ideas in cohort/group settings to drive meaningful conversation.
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